Hard Skin and Cracked Heels

Calluses

Calluses are hard areas of thickened and hardened skin which are often found on the soles of the feet , the heels, and on the toes.  Calluses form where local inflammation and increased friction and pressure are present.  It is thought that the skin cells dry out, causing the outer skin layers to adhere to the deeper layers, instead of falling off and being replaced as is normal for skin cells.  This causes the skin to get thicker.  When the skin becomes thicker and callused, it can become painful and can even crack, which is called fissuring.

Calluses are usually caused by poor foot posture, especially if the foot is overpronated (flat arched foot) or supinated (high arched foot).  Sometimes poor footwear may be to blame.

Calluses don’t normally contain blood vessels or nerves. This means podiatrists can remove them painlessly, and relief is quick and easy.  Calluses should never be “self-treated” using any sharp implements.

Podiatrists will often prescribe a special foot cream to stop the skin from drying out and recommend the best footwear to prevent the condition returning.  If the condition is persistent, the podiatrist may recommend orthotics to correct the underlying poor foot posture.

Corns

Just like calluses, corns are hard areas of thickened and hardened skin which are often found on the soles of the feet , the heels, and on the toes.  Corns are deeper and more painful than calluses, and have a deep centre of hard skin called the nucleus.  Corns usually occur over a bony prominence or joint.

Corns form where local inflammation and increased friction and pressure are present.  It is thought that the skin cells dry out, causing the outer skin layers to adhere to the deeper layers, instead of falling off and being replaced as normally occurs with skin cells.  This causes the skin to get thicker.

Corns are often related to poor foot posture, especially if the foot is overpronated (flat arched foot) or supinated (high arched foot).  Often poor footwear is to blame.

Corns don’t normally contain blood vessels or nerves. This means podiatrists can remove them painlessly, and relief is quick and easy.  Corns should never be “self-treated” using any sharp implements.

Podiatrists will often prescribe a special foot cream to stop the skin from drying out and recommend the best footwear to prevent the condition returning.  If the condition is persistent, the podiatrist may recommend orthotics to correct the underlying poor foot posture.